Quantitative analysis of mast cells in the healing of wounds treated with collagen membranes containing propolis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17564/2316-3798.2013v1n2p79-90Keywords:
Inflammation, Mast Cells, Red Propolis
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Abstract
Mast cells are connective tissue cells responsible for initiating the inflammatory reaction and chronicity of the process, and play an important role in the dynamics of the repair scar. The use of natural or synthetic biological membranes in the repair of extensive dermal wounds, in turn, has been widely discussed in the literature, particularly those based on collagen, due to biocompatibility and interactivity of these materials. Propolis is a natural product that presents anti-inflammatory properties, so that it could be useful to the repair scar. The red variety of this product, however, is still less studied, although there are some reports of a probable healing action. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of the combination of collagen membranes to red propolis on the mast cells population during repair scar by second intention in rats. For this purpose, membranes were prepared from collagen extracted from bovine tendon (10-15mm thick) containing hydroalcoholic extract of red propolis to 0.1%. Subsequently, 1cm2 standard-sized wounds were performed in th back of 30 Wistar rats, which were divided into six groups (n=5): G1- untreated animals sacrificed at 7 days; G2 – animals treated with collagen membrane sacrificed at 7 days; G3 – animals treated with collagen membrane containing red propolis sacrificed at 7 days; G4 - untreated animals sacrificed at 14 days; G5 – animals treated with collagen membrane sacrificed at 14 days; and G6 – animals treated with collagen membrane containing red propolis sacrificed at 14 days. The removed specimens were fixed, histologically processed and embedded in paraffin and histological sections were stained with toluidine blue. On the seventh day, the average population of mast cells in total and marginal G1 was significantly lower than in G2 and G3 (P<0.05), but there was no difference between these last two groups. At the fourteenth day, it was not verified any statistically significant difference in the mean of mast cells among the three groups. These data suggest that, in mice, the use of bioactive collagen membranes, containing or not 0.1% hydroalcoholic extracts of red propolis, can reduce the degranulation of mast cells after seven days of healing of wounds, but has no effect on this population of immunocompetent cell in the final stages (14 days) repair.
