ONE HEALTH E ESPOROTRICOSE: DESAFIOS JURÍDICOS

Abstract

This article addresses the legal challenges and public policies related to the control of sporotrichosis, a fungal zoonosis of increasing incidence in Brazil, through the lens of the One Health paradigm. This concept, which emerged from the understanding of the interdependence between human, animal, and environmental health, has evolved over recent decades and has been incorporated into various international frameworks, such as those promoted by the World Health Organization and the World Organisation for Animal Health, as well as into national legislation through laws, decrees, ordinances, and specific public health programs. Sporotrichosis, whose transmission is predominantly associated with contact with infected felines, has shown a significant increase in cases, especially in urban and peripheral areas. Populations in socially vulnerable situations, healthcare professionals, zoonosis control agents, and pet guardians are among the groups most at risk. The inclusion of the disease in the list of notifiable conditions highlights the need for coordinated actions among federal, state, and municipal entities, which are responsible for sanitary and epidemiological surveillance. The article analyzes the main legal instruments currently available, identifying gaps in regulation and in the implementation of integrated public policies. The discussion emphasizes the importance of articulating environmental law, animal law, and public health, pointing to the urgency of preventive, educational, and intersectoral measures. It concludes that consolidating the One Health paradigm in Brazil requires institutional reforms, technical training, and collaborative governance capable of effectively addressing the challenges posed by sporotrichosis and other emerging zoonoses.